Determination of Self-Efficacy Level: The Capacity of Patients with Hypertension to Manage their Chronic Disease
Penentuan Tingkat Efikasi Diri: Kapasitas Pasien Hipertensi untuk Mengelola Penyakit Kronisnya
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(1) Zahraa Abbass
Assistant Lecturer, Fundamental of Nursing Department, College of Nursing, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq
Iraq
(2) Saja Kareem Jassim
Assistant Lecturer, Fundamentals of Nursing Department, University of Basrah, College of Nursing, Basrah, Iraq
Iraq
(3) Sadeq AL-Fayyadh
An Associate Dean, Adult Nursing Department, College of Nursing, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
Iraq
(4) Sukaina Hafedh
Assistant Lecturer, Fundamentals of Nursing Department, University of Basrah, College of Nursing, Basrah, Iraq
Iraq
(5) * Ali Malik Tiryag
Fundamentals of Nursing Department, University of Basrah, College of Nursing, Basrah, Iraq
Iraq
(6) Hayder Hamzah Ali AL-Hadrawi
Professor, University of Kufa, Faculty of Nursing, Mental Health Nursing Department
Iraq
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Background: One psychological idea frequently connected to treating chronic illnesses, such as hypertension, is self-efficacy. The objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of hypertensive patients to manage their chronic condition and to determine the link between participants' socio-demographic factors and their self-efficacy in controlling hypertension. Methods: A correlational descriptive design was implemented from October 2022 to March 2024. The study sample was purposive (non-probability), consisting of 171 patients with hypertension. Data were gathered via a Google Form, which includes a socio-demographic data section and the Self-Efficacy for Managing Chronic Disease 6-Item Scale (SES6C). Results: A modest level of self-efficacy among hypertension patients was statistically validated, including 58% of the study population. Equally important, a statistically significant inverse association exists between participants' age and their self-efficacy in controlling hypertension (r = -.250 at p = 0.01). Furthermore, a statistically significant disparity exists in the self-efficacy of hypertension management across gender groups (p-value = .041), age categories (p-value = .000), reading groups (p-value = .032), marital status categories (p-value = .000), follow-up groups (p-value = .000), and exercise groups (p-value = .000). Conclusion: The study's findings indicate a statistically significant difference and link between socio-demographic variables and self-efficacy in treating hypertension. This indicates that self-efficacy in controlling hypertension is a multifaceted notion, and a singular component cannot dictate its trajectory. It is, instead, a result of the interplay of various elements, such as age, gender, experience, and education.
Highlights:
- Assess socio-demographic factors' impact on self-efficacy in hypertension management.
- Correlational design with 171 hypertensive patients via SES6C scale.
- Self-efficacy in hypertension control is influenced by diverse socio-demographic factors.
Keywords: Self-Efficacy, Hypertension, Chronic Disease, Capacity, Patients
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