Overview on the use of probiotic in the treatment of atopic dermatitis
Gambaran umum tentang penggunaan probiotik dalam pengobatan dermatitis atopik
Keywords:
Probiotics, Atopic Dermatitis, Inflammation, Allergy, Immune ResponseAbstract
Atopic dermatitis is a condition that reduces the quality of life for those afflicted. This syndrome is often linked to recurrent dermatological infections, heightened allergic sensitivity, and compromised skin barrier integrity. The prevalence of atopic dermatitis ranges from 1% to 20%. Research on probiotics has progressed markedly, showing effectiveness in addressing several conditions, including atopic dermatitis. A multitude of research investigates their effectiveness in treating and easing the symptoms of atopic dermatitis.This review will analyse the importance of probiotics in the management of atopic dermatitis, the possible mechanisms involved, and recent research on the subject.
Highlights:
- Immune Modulation. Probiotics help balance Th1/Th2 responses and promote regulatory T cells to reduce allergic reactions and inflammation.
- Clinical Evidence. Multiple studies and meta-analyses support probiotics' efficacy in reducing SCORAD scores and AD severity.
- Strain-Specific Benefits. Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium strains show most effectiveness, especially in mixed formulations over monotherapy.
Keywords: Probiotics, Atopic Dermatitis, Inflammation, Allergy, Immune Response
References
[1] S. R. Kang, D. H. Nguyen, S. W. Yoo, et al., “Bacteria and Bacterial Derivatives as Delivery Carriers for Immunotherapy,” Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, vol. 181, p. 114085, 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114085.
[2] K. Fenster, B. Freeburg, C. Hollard, et al., “The Production and Delivery of Probiotics: A Review of a Practical Approach,” Microorganisms, vol. 7, no. 3, p. 83, 2019, doi: 10.3390/microorganisms7030083.
[3] M. L. Marco, M. E. Sanders, M. Gänzle, et al., “Health Benefits of Fermented Foods: Microbiota and Beyond,” Current Opinion in Biotechnology, vol. 44, pp. 94–102, 2017, doi: 10.1016/j.copbio.2016.11.010.
[4] J. Plaza-Diaz, F. J. Ruiz-Ojeda, L. M. Vilchez-Padial, et al., “Mechanisms of Action of Probiotics,” Advances in Nutrition, vol. 10, Suppl. 1, pp. S49–S66, 2019, doi: 10.1093/advances/nmy063.
[5] Y. H. Chang, S. H. Park, H. J. Jang, et al., “Quality Characteristics of Yogurts Fermented with Short-Chain Fatty Acid-Producing Probiotics and Their Effects on Mucin Production and Probiotic Adhesion onto Human Colon Epithelial Cells,” Journal of Dairy Science, vol. 104, no. 7, pp. 7415–7425, 2021, doi: 10.3168/jds.2020-19812.
[6] Y. Bu, L. Zhang, X. Sun, et al., “Screening and Probiotic Potential Evaluation of Bacteriocin-Producing Lactiplantibacillus plantarum In Vitro,” Foods, vol. 11, no. 11, p. 1575, 2022, doi: 10.3390/foods11111575.
[7] C. Petruzziello, A. Saviano, V. Ojetti, “Probiotics, the Immune Response and Acute Appendicitis: A Review,” Vaccines, vol. 11, no. 7, p. 1170, 2023, doi: 10.3390/vaccines11071170.
[8] S. Srivastav, M. Fatima, A. C. Mondal, “Probiotics Mixture Increases Butyrate, and Subsequently Rescues the Nigral Dopaminergic Neurons from MPTP and Rotenone-Induced Neurotoxicity,” Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, vol. 69, pp. 73–86, 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2019.03.013.
[9] P. Marteau, “Safety Aspects of Probiotic Products,” Nutrition Research, vol. 45, no. 1, pp. 22–24, 2001, doi: 10.1016/S0271-5317(01)00271-8.
[10] G. Konuray, Z. Erginkaya, “Potential Use of Bacillus coagulans in the Food Industry,” Foods, vol. 7, no. 6, p. 92, 2018, doi: 10.3390/foods7060092.
[11] S. Putta, N. S. Yarla, D. B. Lakkappa, et al., “Probiotics: Supplements, Food, Pharmaceutical Industry,” in Therapeutic, Probiotic, and Unconventional Foods, 1st ed., Academic Press, 2018, pp. 15–25, doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-814625-5.00002-4.
[12] M. Boguniewicz, L. Fonacier, E. Guttman-Yassky, et al., “Atopic Dermatitis Yardstick: Practical Recommendations for an Evolving Therapeutic Landscape,” Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology, vol. 120, no. 1, pp. 10–22.e2, 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.anai.2017.10.039.
[13] K. Wolff, R. A. Johnson, A. P. Saavedra, Atopic Dermatitis (Atopic Eczema), in Fitzpatrick’s Dermatology in General Medicine, 8th ed., McGraw-Hill Medical, 2012.
[14] C. Blome, M. A. Radtke, L. Eissing, M. Augustin, “Quality of Life in Patients with Atopic Dermatitis: Disease Burden, Measurement, and Treatment Benefit,” American Journal of Clinical Dermatology, vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 163–169, 2016, doi: 10.1007/s40257-015-0176-7.
[15] K. Sihaloho, I. D. Mira, “Retrospective Study: Atopic Dermatitis in Children,” Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin, vol. 27, no. 3, pp. 176–182, 2015.
[16] Y. Widia, M. Hutomo, “Retrospective Study: Oral Medications for Atopic Dermatitis,” Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin, vol. 27, no. 3, pp. 191–196, 2015.
[17] W. D. James, T. G. Berger, D. M. Elston, I. M. Neuhaus, Atopic Dermatitis, Eczema, and Noninfectious Immunodeficiency Disorders, in Andrews’ Diseases of the Skin: Clinical Dermatology, 12th ed., Elsevier, 2016.
[18] A. Patrizi, A. Pileri, F. Bellini, et al., “Atopic Dermatitis and the Atopic March: What Is New?,” Journal of Allergy, vol. 2011, p. 1, 2011.
[19] D. P. Strachan, “Family Size, Infection and Atopy: The First Decade of the ‘Hygiene Hypothesis’,” Thorax, vol. 55, Suppl. 1, pp. S2–S10, 2000.
[20] L. S. Ou, E. Goleva, C. Hall, et al., “T Regulatory Cells in Atopic Dermatitis and Subversion of Their Activity by Superantigens,” Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, vol. 113, no. 4, pp. 756–763, 2004, doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2004.01.772.
[21] S. Prakash, C. Tomaro-Duchesneau, S. Saha, et al., “Probiotics for the Prevention and Treatment of Allergies, with an Emphasis on Mode of Delivery and Mechanism of Action,” Current Pharmaceutical Design, vol. 20, no. 6, pp. 1025–1037, 2014, doi: 10.2174/138161282006140220145154.
[22] A. Lopez-Santamarina, E. G. Gonzalez, A. Lamas, et al., “Probiotics as a Possible Strategy for the Prevention and Treatment of Allergies: A Narrative Review,” Foods, vol. 10, no. 4, p. 701, 2021, doi: 10.3390/foods10040701.
[23] G. Harata, F. He, K. Takahashi, et al., “Human Lactobacillus Strains from the Intestine Can Suppress IgE-Mediated Degranulation of Rat Basophilic Leukemia (RBL-2H3) Cells,” Microorganisms, vol. 4, no. 4, p. 40, 2016, doi: 10.3390/microorganisms4040040.
[24] A. Fiocchi, R. Pawankar, C. Cuello-Garcia, et al., “World Allergy Organization–McMaster University Guidelines for Allergic Disease Prevention (GLAD-P): Probiotics,” World Allergy Organization Journal, vol. 8, no. 1, p. 4, 2015, doi: 10.1186/s40413-015-0055-2.
[25] M. Di Costanzo, A. Amoroso, R. B. Canani, “Gut Microbiota as a Target for Food Allergy,” Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, vol. 63, Suppl. 1, pp. S48–S13, 2016.
[26] S. J. Galli, M. Metz, P. Starkl, et al., “Mast Cells and IgE in Defense Against Lethality of Venoms: Possible ‘Benefit’ of Allergy,” Allergo Journal International, vol. 29, pp. 46–62, 2020, doi: 10.1007/s40629-020-00118-6.
[27] H. Liang, Y. Zhang, Z. Miao, et al., “Anti-Allergic Effects of Two Potential Probiotic Strains Isolated from Infant Feces in China,” Journal of Functional Foods, vol. 92, p. 105070, 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105070.
[28] J. Ma, J. Zhang, Q. Li, et al., “Oral Administration of a Mixture of Probiotics Protects Against Food Allergy via Induction of CD103+ Dendritic Cells and Modulates the Intestinal Microbiota,” Journal of Functional Foods, vol. 55, pp. 65–75, 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.02.010.
[29] E. E. Owaga, A. Elbakkoush, G. N. Lule, “Antiallergic Effects of Probiotic Lactobacilli – Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms,” Journal of Microbiology Research, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 92–97, 2014, doi: 10.5923/j.microbiology.20140402.08.
[30] I. A. Rather, V. K. Bajpai, S. Kumar, et al., “Probiotics and Atopic Dermatitis: An Overview,” Frontiers in Microbiology, vol. 7, p. 507, 2016, doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00507.
[31] S. V. Gerasimov, V. V. Vasjuta, O. O. Myhovych, et al., “Probiotic Supplement Reduces Atopic Dermatitis in Preschool Children,” American Journal of Clinical Dermatology, vol. 11, pp. 351–361, 2010.
[32] Y. Yeşilova, Ö. Çalka, N. Akdeniz, M. Berktaş, “Effect of Probiotics on the Treatment of Children with Atopic Dermatitis,” Annals of Dermatology, vol. 24, no. 2, p. 189, 2012, doi: 10.5021/ad.2012.24.2.189.
[33] M. Panduru, N. M. Panduru, C. M. Sălăvăstru, G. S. Tiplica, “Probiotics and Primary Prevention of Atopic Dermatitis: A Meta‐Analysis of Randomized Controlled Studies,” Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 232–242, 2015.
[34] V. Navarro-López, A. Ramírez-Boscá, D. Ramón-Vidal, et al., “Effect of Oral Administration of a Mixture of Probiotic Strains on SCORAD Index and Use of Topical Steroids in Young Patients with Moderate Atopic Dermatitis: A Randomized Clinical Trial,” JAMA Dermatology, vol. 154, no. 1, pp. 37–43, 2018.
[35] M. A. Umborowati, D. Damayanti, S. Anggraeni, et al., “The Role of Probiotics in the Treatment of Adult Atopic Dermatitis: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials,” Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition, vol. 41, no. 1, p. 37, 2022.
[36] F. Wang, F. Wu, H. Chen, B. Tang, “The Effect of Probiotics in the Prevention of Atopic Dermatitis in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis,” Translational Pediatrics, vol. 12, no. 4, pp. 731–748, 2023.
[37] L. Drago, E. Iemoli, V. Rodighiero, et al., “Effects of Lactobacillus salivarius LS01 (DSM 22775) Treatment on Adult Atopic Dermatitis: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Study,” International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology, vol. 24, no. 4, pp. 1037–1048, 2011.
[38] M. Viljanen, E. Savilahti, T. Haahtela, et al., “Probiotics in the Treatment of Atopic Eczema/Dermatitis Syndrome in Infants: A Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial,” Allergy, vol. 60, no. 4, pp. 494–500, 2005.
[39] M. L. Brouwer, S. A. Wolt-Plompen, A. E. Dubois, et al., “No Effects of Probiotics on Atopic Dermatitis in Infancy: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial,” Clinical and Experimental Allergy, vol. 36, no. 7, pp. 899–906, 2006.
[40] S. O. Kim, Y. M. Ah, Y. M. Yu, et al., “Effects of Probiotics for the Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials,” Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology, vol. 113, no. 2, pp. 217–226, 2014.
[41] R. Farid, H. Ahanchian, F. Jabbari, T. Moghiman, “Effect of a New Synbiotic Mixture on Atopic Dermatitis in Children: A Randomized-Controlled Trial,” Iranian Journal of Pediatrics, vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 225–230, 2011.
[42] E. Iemoli, D. Trabattoni, S. Parisotto, et al., “Probiotics Reduce Gut Microbial Translocation and Improve Adult Atopic Dermatitis,” Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology, vol. 46, Suppl., pp. S33–S40, 2012.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Ruaa N. AL-Saraj, Safa M. AL-Ashou
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
